The subtle impact of optical design on manufacturing
Release time:
2023-08-15
To ensure the success of manufacturing in the real world, lens designers must learn how to close the loop between design and manufacturing.
Sometimes, seemingly successful shots in the software (design) phase may encounter obstacles when transitioning to manufacturing, assembly, and testing. Closing the loop between design and manufacturing will reduce design iterations and improve real-world performance. Optical designers must consider issues such as the manufacturability of individual lenses, statistical distribution assumptions in manufacturing, irregular surface models, and stacking within tolerances.
Manufacturability: Lens Geometry
Although optical design software provides tools for constraining the geometric structure of lenses, it does not issue warnings or block (ongoing) solutions that are difficult or impossible to manufacture. Therefore, care must be taken during the design phase to ensure that the lenses are manufacturable, based on general guidelines and communication with specific optical component manufacturers.
When traditionally manufacturing lenses made of glass or other crystalline materials, optical manufacturers typically start with larger diameter specifications considering the material that will be removed during later centering. In the design phase, to avoid sharp lens edges, a good rule of thumb is to always maintain a minimum edge thickness of approximately 0.7mm at an aperture 1mm larger than the final diameter.
To reduce the difficulty of manufacturing and testing, the radius should not be close to a hemispherical shape (radius less than approximately 0.7 times the diameter) or close to a flat surface (surface vector height less than approximately 100 microns). For biconvex and biconvex components, in order to prevent the problem of incorrect lens orientation during assembly, similar but not identical radii should be avoided.
For successful lens design, the Karow factor, sometimes referred to as the Z-factor, or sliding angle or tangent angle calculation, is a little-known but important consideration factor. It describes the ability of the lens to self center when centering between bell shaped chucks, and the Karow factor is related to the tangential angle of the bell shaped chuck on the surface of lens 1.
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2023-08-15
The subtle impact of optical design on manufacturing
To ensure the success of manufacturing in the real world, lens designers must learn how to close the loop between design and manufacturing.
2023-08-15